al of those but four took place under president obama. who are the targets arizona professor indicated? militant leaders are not really being killed in the great number. we calculate only 2% of the total number of casual advertise are people you would term leaders. and so that is an interesting development. what was initially started, i thing, as a program that would target high level members of al qaeda, has in a sense deinvolved, particularly in pakistan forks a counterinsurgency air force and you can say that's good or bad, but it's a fact that is happening. where are the targets in pakistan? that'sy al qaeda network are located. what is in the civilian casualty rate? we found it has declined significantly over time. initially in the 2006 it was almost 2%. -- 100%. now today confirmed civilian casualties we calculate 2%. we also add an unknown category of 9% because sometimes at not clear if somebody is a civilian or militant, everybody dresses the same. and that member is revved to in a press account as a tribesman could be either a t